告别硬编码，SpringBoot实现动态增删启停定时任务

在spring boot项目中，可以通过@EnableScheduling注解和@Scheduled注解实现定时任务，也可以通过SchedulingConfigurer接口来实现定时任务。但是这两种方式不能动态添加、删除、启动、停止任务。Mm128资讯网——每日最新资讯28at.com

要实现动态增删启停定时任务功能，比较广泛的做法是集成Quartz框架。但是本人的开发原则是：在满足项目需求的情况下，尽量少的依赖其它框架，避免项目过于臃肿和复杂。Mm128资讯网——每日最新资讯28at.com

查看spring-context这个jar包中org.springframework.scheduling.ScheduledTaskRegistrar这个类的源代码，发现可以通过改造这个类就能实现动态增删启停定时任务功能。Mm128资讯网——每日最新资讯28at.com

定时任务列表页Mm128资讯网——每日最新资讯28at.com

定时任务执行日志Mm128资讯网——每日最新资讯28at.com

添加执行定时任务的线程池配置类Mm128资讯网——每日最新资讯28at.com

@Configuration  public class SchedulingConfig {      @Bean      public TaskScheduler taskScheduler() {          ThreadPoolTaskScheduler taskScheduler = new ThreadPoolTaskScheduler();          // 定时任务执行线程池核心线程数          taskScheduler.setPoolSize(4);          taskScheduler.setRemoveOnCancelPolicy(true);          taskScheduler.setThreadNamePrefix("TaskSchedulerThreadPool-");          return taskScheduler;      }  }

添加ScheduledFuture的包装类。ScheduledFuture是ScheduledExecutorService定时任务线程池的执行结果。Mm128资讯网——每日最新资讯28at.com

public final class ScheduledTask {        volatile ScheduledFuture<?> future;        /**       * 取消定时任务       */      public void cancel() {          ScheduledFuture<?> future = this.future;          if (future != null) {              future.cancel(true);          }      }  }

添加Runnable接口实现类，被定时任务线程池调用，用来执行指定bean里面的方法。Mm128资讯网——每日最新资讯28at.com

public class SchedulingRunnable implements Runnable {        private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(SchedulingRunnable.class);        private String beanName;        private String methodName;        private String params;        public SchedulingRunnable(String beanName, String methodName) {          this(beanName, methodName, null);      }        public SchedulingRunnable(String beanName, String methodName, String params) {          this.beanName = beanName;          this.methodName = methodName;          this.params = params;      }        @Override      public void run() {          logger.info("定时任务开始执行 - bean：{}，方法：{}，参数：{}", beanName, methodName, params);          long startTime = System.currentTimeMillis();            try {              Object target = SpringContextUtils.getBean(beanName);                Method method = null;              if (StringUtils.isNotEmpty(params)) {                  method = target.getClass().getDeclaredMethod(methodName, String.class);              } else {                  method = target.getClass().getDeclaredMethod(methodName);              }                ReflectionUtils.makeAccessible(method);              if (StringUtils.isNotEmpty(params)) {                  method.invoke(target, params);              } else {                  method.invoke(target);              }          } catch (Exception ex) {              logger.error(String.format("定时任务执行异常 - bean：%s，方法：%s，参数：%s ", beanName, methodName, params), ex);          }            long times = System.currentTimeMillis() - startTime;          logger.info("定时任务执行结束 - bean：{}，方法：{}，参数：{}，耗时：{} 毫秒", beanName, methodName, params, times);      }        @Override      public boolean equals(Object o) {          if (this == o) return true;          if (o == null || getClass() != o.getClass()) return false;          SchedulingRunnable that = (SchedulingRunnable) o;          if (params == null) {              return beanName.equals(that.beanName) &&                      methodName.equals(that.methodName) &&                      that.params == null;          }            return beanName.equals(that.beanName) &&                  methodName.equals(that.methodName) &&                  params.equals(that.params);      }        @Override      public int hashCode() {          if (params == null) {              return Objects.hash(beanName, methodName);          }            return Objects.hash(beanName, methodName, params);      }  }

添加定时任务注册类，用来增加、删除定时任务。Mm128资讯网——每日最新资讯28at.com

@Component  public class CronTaskRegistrar implements DisposableBean {        private final Map<Runnable, ScheduledTask> scheduledTasks = new ConcurrentHashMap<>(16);        @Autowired      private TaskScheduler taskScheduler;        public TaskScheduler getScheduler() {          return this.taskScheduler;      }        public void addCronTask(Runnable task, String cronExpression) {          addCronTask(new CronTask(task, cronExpression));      }        public void addCronTask(CronTask cronTask) {          if (cronTask != null) {              Runnable task = cronTask.getRunnable();              if (this.scheduledTasks.containsKey(task)) {                  removeCronTask(task);              }                this.scheduledTasks.put(task, scheduleCronTask(cronTask));          }      }        public void removeCronTask(Runnable task) {          ScheduledTask scheduledTask = this.scheduledTasks.remove(task);          if (scheduledTask != null)              scheduledTask.cancel();      }        public ScheduledTask scheduleCronTask(CronTask cronTask) {          ScheduledTask scheduledTask = new ScheduledTask();          scheduledTask.future = this.taskScheduler.schedule(cronTask.getRunnable(), cronTask.getTrigger());            return scheduledTask;      }          @Override      public void destroy() {          for (ScheduledTask task : this.scheduledTasks.values()) {              task.cancel();          }            this.scheduledTasks.clear();      }  }

添加定时任务示例类Mm128资讯网——每日最新资讯28at.com

@Component("demoTask")  public class DemoTask {      public void taskWithParams(String params) {          System.out.println("执行有参示例任务：" + params);      }        public void taskNoParams() {          System.out.println("执行无参示例任务");      }  }

定时任务数据库表设计Mm128资讯网——每日最新资讯28at.com

定时任务数据库表设计Mm128资讯网——每日最新资讯28at.com

public class SysJobPO {      /**       * 任务ID       */      private Integer jobId;      /**       * bean名称       */      private String beanName;      /**       * 方法名称       */      private String methodName;      /**       * 方法参数       */      private String methodParams;      /**       * cron表达式       */      private String cronExpression;      /**       * 状态（1正常 0暂停）       */      private Integer jobStatus;      /**       * 备注       */      private String remark;      /**       * 创建时间       */      private Date createTime;      /**       * 更新时间       */      private Date updateTime;        public Integer getJobId() {          return jobId;      }        public void setJobId(Integer jobId) {          this.jobId = jobId;      }        public String getBeanName() {          return beanName;      }        public void setBeanName(String beanName) {          this.beanName = beanName;      }        public String getMethodName() {          return methodName;      }        public void setMethodName(String methodName) {          this.methodName = methodName;      }        public String getMethodParams() {          return methodParams;      }        public void setMethodParams(String methodParams) {          this.methodParams = methodParams;      }        public String getCronExpression() {          return cronExpression;      }        public void setCronExpression(String cronExpression) {          this.cronExpression = cronExpression;      }        public Integer getJobStatus() {          return jobStatus;      }        public void setJobStatus(Integer jobStatus) {          this.jobStatus = jobStatus;      }        public String getRemark() {          return remark;      }        public void setRemark(String remark) {          this.remark = remark;      }        public Date getCreateTime() {          return createTime;      }        public void setCreateTime(Date createTime) {          this.createTime = createTime;      }        public Date getUpdateTime() {          return updateTime;      }        public void setUpdateTime(Date updateTime) {          this.updateTime = updateTime;      }    }

新增定时任务Mm128资讯网——每日最新资讯28at.com

新增定时任务Mm128资讯网——每日最新资讯28at.com

boolean success = sysJobRepository.addSysJob(sysJob);  if (!success)      return OperationResUtils.fail("新增失败");  else {      if (sysJob.getJobStatus().equals(SysJobStatus.NORMAL.ordinal())) {          SchedulingRunnable task = new SchedulingRunnable(sysJob.getBeanName(), sysJob.getMethodName(), sysJob.getMethodParams());          cronTaskRegistrar.addCronTask(task, sysJob.getCronExpression());      }  }    return OperationResUtils.success();

修改定时任务，先移除原来的任务，再启动新任务Mm128资讯网——每日最新资讯28at.com

boolean success = sysJobRepository.editSysJob(sysJob);  if (!success)      return OperationResUtils.fail("编辑失败");  else {      //先移除再添加      if (existedSysJob.getJobStatus().equals(SysJobStatus.NORMAL.ordinal())) {          SchedulingRunnable task = new SchedulingRunnable(existedSysJob.getBeanName(), existedSysJob.getMethodName(), existedSysJob.getMethodParams());          cronTaskRegistrar.removeCronTask(task);      }        if (sysJob.getJobStatus().equals(SysJobStatus.NORMAL.ordinal())) {          SchedulingRunnable task = new SchedulingRunnable(sysJob.getBeanName(), sysJob.getMethodName(), sysJob.getMethodParams());          cronTaskRegistrar.addCronTask(task, sysJob.getCronExpression());      }  }    return OperationResUtils.success();

删除定时任务Mm128资讯网——每日最新资讯28at.com

boolean success = sysJobRepository.deleteSysJobById(req.getJobId());  if (!success)      return OperationResUtils.fail("删除失败");  else{      if (existedSysJob.getJobStatus().equals(SysJobStatus.NORMAL.ordinal())) {          SchedulingRunnable task = new SchedulingRunnable(existedSysJob.getBeanName(), existedSysJob.getMethodName(), existedSysJob.getMethodParams());          cronTaskRegistrar.removeCronTask(task);      }  }    return OperationResUtils.success();

定时任务启动/停止状态切换Mm128资讯网——每日最新资讯28at.com

if (existedSysJob.getJobStatus().equals(SysJobStatus.NORMAL.ordinal())) {      SchedulingRunnable task = new SchedulingRunnable(existedSysJob.getBeanName(), existedSysJob.getMethodName(), existedSysJob.getMethodParams());      cronTaskRegistrar.addCronTask(task, existedSysJob.getCronExpression());  } else {      SchedulingRunnable task = new SchedulingRunnable(existedSysJob.getBeanName(), existedSysJob.getMethodName(), existedSysJob.getMethodParams());      cronTaskRegistrar.removeCronTask(task);  }

添加实现了CommandLineRunner接口的SysJobRunner类，当spring boot项目启动完成后，加载数据库里状态为正常的定时任务。另外，关注公众号码猿技术专栏，回复关键词9527，送你一份Spring Cloud Alibaba实战视频教程！Mm128资讯网——每日最新资讯28at.com

@Service  public class SysJobRunner implements CommandLineRunner {        private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(SysJobRunner.class);        @Autowired      private ISysJobRepository sysJobRepository;        @Autowired      private CronTaskRegistrar cronTaskRegistrar;        @Override      public void run(String... args) {          // 初始加载数据库里状态为正常的定时任务          List<SysJobPO> jobList = sysJobRepository.getSysJobListByStatus(SysJobStatus.NORMAL.ordinal());          if (CollectionUtils.isNotEmpty(jobList)) {              for (SysJobPO job : jobList) {                  SchedulingRunnable task = new SchedulingRunnable(job.getBeanName(), job.getMethodName(), job.getMethodParams());                  cronTaskRegistrar.addCronTask(task, job.getCronExpression());              }                logger.info("定时任务已加载完毕...");          }      }  }

工具类SpringContextUtils，用来从spring容器里获取beanMm128资讯网——每日最新资讯28at.com

@Component  public class SpringContextUtils implements ApplicationContextAware {        private static ApplicationContext applicationContext;        @Override      public void setApplicationContext(ApplicationContext applicationContext)              throws BeansException {          SpringContextUtils.applicationContext = applicationContext;      }        public static Object getBean(String name) {          return applicationContext.getBean(name);      }        public static <T> T getBean(Class<T> requiredType) {          return applicationContext.getBean(requiredType);      }        public static <T> T getBean(String name, Class<T> requiredType) {          return applicationContext.getBean(name, requiredType);      }        public static boolean containsBean(String name) {          return applicationContext.containsBean(name);      }        public static boolean isSingleton(String name) {          return applicationContext.isSingleton(name);      }        public static Class<? extends Object> getType(String name) {          return applicationContext.getType(name);      }  }

本文完，参考本文代码可成功运行，亲测！Mm128资讯网——每日最新资讯28at.com

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